Graduated from the East-Kazakhstan State University. S. Amanzholova, Faculty of History, International Relations and Law (1997-2001), with honors in the specialty "International Economics", "Jurisprudence" School of Public Policy of the Academy of Public Administration under the President with a degree in Political Science, the Program of Public Policy and Management of the Sansford School of Public Policy of Duke University (USA), has a master's degree in political science from the National Aviation University (Kyiv, Ukraine), with a degree in transport engineer "Organization of transportation and management in air transport".

He began his career in 2000 as a loan manager in the East Kazakhstan regional branch of Kazagroprombank OJSC, then as a leading specialist in the credit department of the branch of  Nurbank JSC in Ust-Kamenogorsk. In the period from 2002 to 2008, he held the Senior positions of Manufacturing enterprises in Kostanay and East Kazakhstan region. Since 2008, he continued his career in the civil service, in different years he held the positions of Head of the Quality Control Department of the Committee for Roads of the Ministry of Transport and Communications of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Deputy Chairman of the Civil Aviation Committee of the Ministry of Transport and Communications of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Deputy Chairman of the Civil Aviation Committee of the Ministry of Investment and development of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Chairman of the Civil Aviation Committee of the Ministry of investment and development of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Currently, he is the Chairman of the Civil Aviation Committee of the Ministry of Industry and Infrastructure Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

On August 5, 2022 Talgat Lastaev was elected Chairman of the Board of Directors of JSC Aviation Administration of Kazakhstan.

He was awarded the state medals: Anniversary medal “10 years of Astana”, “For contribution to the development of the Eurasian Economic Union”, noted with letters of thanks of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Minister of Transport and Communications of the Republic of Kazakhstan.